Restless Legs Syndrome: Diagnosis, Treatment and Pathophysiology

............................................................................................................... .12 Introduction.............................................................................................................12 Methods............................................................................................................. ....13 Subjects...........................................................................................................13 Procedure .......................................................................................................13 Performance scores and statistical analysis.............................................................15 Results...................................................................................................................17 Discussion..............................................................................................................19 References.............................................................................................................22 I I I . Where dopamine meets opioids: a meta-analysis of the placebo effect in restless legs syndrome treatment studies . ...........24 Abstract................................................................................................................ .24............................................................................................................... .24 Introduction.............................................................................................................25 Methods............................................................................................................. ....26 Location and selection of studies......................................................................... .26 Outcome measures............................................................................................26 Data extraction and computation of effect sizes....................................................... 26 Meta-regression....................................................... .................................................27 Results...................................................................................................................31 Response rates......................................................................................................31 IRLS and other RLS scores..................................................................................31 Subjective sleep parameters: sleep quality and sleep duration.................................. ..34 Polysomnographic sleep parameters: sleep efficiency and total sleep time................... .34 PLMS.....................................................................................................................34 Daytime functioning: sleepiness and quality of life ......................................................36 Discussion..............................................................................................................37 References.............................................................................................................39 Appendix................................................................................................................43 Studies contributing to the meta-analysis............................................................. ...44 Supplementary material.............................................................................................46 Supplement 1: Resources used for search .............................................................46 Supplement 2: Between study heterogeneity...........................................................47 Supplementary Figures 1 to 3 .................................................................................49 Excluded studies .....................................................................................................51 Content